Grattage surrealism.

Grattage surrealism is a member of numerous techniques and skills in surrealistic art: It's a surrealist technique in painting in which (usually wet) paint is scraped off the canvas. It was employed by Max Ernst and Joan Miro. To some extent, the grattage process is sort of reminiscent of scraping an oiled surface in lithography---a method of planographic printing from a stone (or metal) surface. 
Grattage is ued in 20th century graphic art in Russia grattage under the name " grattographia" first used by M.V. Dobuzhinski. in his art works.
To some certain extent, grattage technique is pretty like the theory of block priinting.
Here are some grattage art works done by Max Ernst, the German-born 
Max Ernst, Celebes.(1921)

Max Ernst,Here everthing is floating.(1920)

 Here're some others.